Voltage Stability in Power Grids with the Integration of Photovoltaic Systems: A Critical Review of the Challenges and Solutions Estabilidad del Voltaje en Redes Eléctricas con la Integración de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos: Una Revisión Crítica de los Desafíos y Soluciones

Abstract

Due to the variability and intermittency of solar generation, the increasing integration of photovoltaic systems into power grids presents significant challenges to voltage stability. The main objective was to critically evaluate the challenges and solutions related to voltage stability in electrical networks with the integration of photovoltaic systems. Qualitative methodology was used, focused on an exhaustive bibliographic review of research published in the last five years. The results suggest that the integration of large-scale photovoltaic systems in transmission networks can cause voltage variations and transient stability difficulties, while, in distribution networks, the progressive integration
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of these. can induce reverse power flows, overvoltages and undervoltages in the networks that make up the system. Proposed solutions include the implementation of technologies such as advanced STATCOM and SVC controllers, as well as dynamic reactive power control strategies to reduce these challenges. The conclusions highlight the need for advanced technologies and control strategies to maintain voltage stability and ensure efficient integration of photovoltaic energy into electrical networks, thus guaranteeing the sustainability and reliability of the electrical system.