Critical Comparison of MPPT Standards in Photovoltaic Systems: EN 50530, IEC 62816, and ASTM E2848 Comparación Crítica de Normas MPPT en Sistemas Fotovoltaicos: EN 50530, IEC 62816 y ASTM E2848
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Abstract
Over one hundred Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms have been published; however, the lack of a unified evaluation framework leads to inconsistent performance assessments. The international standards EN 50530, IEC 62816, and ASTM E2848 are the primary initiatives to specify quantification methods for tracking quality. Yet, critical discrepancies exist in their scope, metrics, test profiles, and uncertainty treatment. This article conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis that identifies 14 evaluation criteria, thoroughly examines the mathematical formulation of each performance metric, and discusses the limitations that hinder a clear classification of algorithms. The main findings include: (i) the only standard that requires specific irradiance ramps is EN 50530 (0.5–100 W/(m² s)) for dynamic testing; (ii) the IEC 62816 standard defines the "tracking energy loss" (εTL) and establishes an A-to-E classification; (iii) the ASTM E2848 standard uses multiple regression to estimate expected power, an approach that reduces accuracy in dynamic conditions.
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