Analysis of the effect caused by voltage imbalance in induction motors through the use of symmetrical components
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Abstract
In industrial applications, the three-phase voltage supplying the machinery is not always balanced, significantly impacting machine performance. The moment negative-sequence current appears within the motor, an increase in current occurs, leading to electrical losses and a decrease in motor torque. The objective of this research was to develop an analytical-numerical analysis of the effect of voltage imbalance within the motor by applying symmetrical components. The study considered the internal workings of the machine using electromagnetic equations that link the primary and secondary windings of the motor, such as the power transferred through the air gap to the rotor. The results included an evaluation of voltage variation scenarios ranging from 0% to 8%. The findings demonstrated that an increase in voltage imbalance generates an increase in negative-sequence current, variations in torque, and an increase in the current drawn from the line to the motor, thus increasing its losses.
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