Use of remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) in characterizing the space factor for naval operations planning Empleo de vehículos operados de forma remota (ROV) en la caracterización del factor espacio para la planificación de las operaciones navale

Abstract

The essay examines how the use of Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) can strengthen the anti-submarine warfare (ASW) capabilities of the Ecuadorian Navy through the characterization of the underwater spatial factor and the integration of data into the tactical picture. Based on a technical and doctrinal review, it demonstrates that ROVs—initially developed for scientific research—possess significant military potential due to their precision and adaptability to complex environments. Equipped with multibeam sonar, cameras, and environmental sensors, they enable real-time oceanographic data collection and support the preparation of the operational environment. Their use complements hull-mounted sonars in acoustically restrictive areas such as the Gulf of Guayaquil, improving the localization and classification of submarine contacts. Furthermore, when integrated into networks alongside other ASW platforms and sensors, they expand surveillance coverage and reduce risk to the main surface force. Ultimately, their implementation aligns with the strategic defense and modernization plans, providing a dual-use tool for maritime surveillance, scientific research, and technological advancement in anti-submarine operations