Integral management of transformers of a power distribution company, current practices and environmental implications, 2024. Gestión integral de transformadores de una empresa distribuidora de energía, prácticas actuales e implicaciones ambientales, 2024.

Abstract

Power systems include generation plants, transmission lines and distribution systems, each with environmental impacts. However, the distribution systems are particularly significant because of the use of transformers with dielectric oils that often contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which are highly polluting Persistent Organic Compounds, and whose waste, after a useful life of around 25 years, is classified as hazardous. In the province of Santa Elena, CNEL EP's Santa Elena Business Unit (UNSTE) manages 9,923 transformers that meet the demand of 136,586 subscribers in an area of 6,487 km . Each year the UN decommissioned about 100 transformers, which require appropriate management. The study analyzed the current management of distribution transformers, evaluated their environmental implications and proposed management strategies for different time frames. The methodology applied included a SWOT analysis, document review, and the application of structured interviews and checklists directed at key officials. The findings made it possible to structure strategic recommendations to improve efficiency in the short term and establish medium- and long-term guidelines for environmentally responsible management.